21 research outputs found
A Reference Model for Common Understanding of Capabilities and Skills in Manufacturing
In manufacturing, many use cases of Industry 4.0 require vendor-neutral and
machine-readable information models to describe, implement and execute resource
functions. Such models have been researched under the terms capabilities and
skills. Standardization of such models is required, but currently not
available. This paper presents a reference model developed jointly by members
of various organizations in a working group of the Plattform Industrie 4.0.
This model covers definitions of most important aspects of capabilities and
skills. It can be seen as a basis for further standardization efforts
Neural Adaptive Control of a Robot Joint Using Secondary Encoders
Using industrial robots for machining applications in flexible manufacturing
processes lacks a high accuracy. The main reason for the deviation is the
flexibility of the gearbox. Secondary Encoders (SE) as an additional, high precision
angle sensor offer a huge potential of detecting gearbox deviations. This paper
aims to use SE to reduce gearbox compliances with a feed forward, adaptive
neural control. The control network is trained with a second network for system
identification. The presented algorithm is capable of online application and optimizes
the robot accuracy in a nonlinear simulation
Sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems : an emerging field of research
While the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems is now a prominent topic and an important stream in entrepreneurship research, the question of how ecosystems can specifically promote sustainable entrepreneurship and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations is a neglected issue. With the papers in this special issue, we address this research gap, serving as a catalyst sparking more research at the nexus of contextualization of entrepreneurship and sustainability. This research has, since the 1990s, developed in three waves; the explicit linkage to SDGs and the investigation of impacts of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems in achieving societal and environmental goals might be considered as the “fourth wave.” We first introduce relevant research streams and concepts for investigating sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems. Then, we explain why this special issue and its articles represent a fourth wave in entrepreneurial research (“sustainability”). Thereafter, we provide an overview of the papers of this special issue and then end with a brief consideration of future research demands
Detection of 140 clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in the plasmid metagenome of wastewater treatment plant bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to selected antibiotics
Szczepanowski R, Linke B, Krahn I, et al. Detection of 140 clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in the plasmid metagenome of wastewater treatment plant bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to selected antibiotics. MICROBIOLOGY. 2009;155(7):2306-2319.To detect plasmid-borne antibiotic-resistance genes in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) bacteria, 192 resistance-gene-specific PCR primer pairs were designed and synthesized. Subsequent PCR analyses on total plasmid DNA preparations obtained from bacteria of activated sludge or the WWTP's final effluents led to the identification of, respectively, 140 and 123 different resistance-gene-specific amplicons. The genes detected included aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, rifampicin, tetracycline, trimethoprim and sulfonamide resistance genes as well as multidrug efflux and small multidrug resistance genes. Some of these genes were only recently described from clinical isolates, demonstrating genetic exchange between clinical and WWTP bacteria. Sequencing of selected resistance-gene-specific amplicons confirmed their identity or revealed that the amplicon nucleotide sequence is very similar to a (gene closely related to the reference gene used for primer design. These results demonstrate that WWTP bacteria are a reservoir for various resistance genes. Moreover, detection of about 64% of the 192 reference resistance genes in bacteria obtained from the WWTP's final effluents indicates that these resistance determinants might be further disseminated in habitats downstream of the sewage plant